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Testing Gameboy input voltage ranges

July 22nd, 2009

I noted that when using a universal power supply (rather than batteries) that my Gameboy DMG (as well as pocket) seems to emit a constant static/buzzing/noise from the speaker. This sound is of constant loudness regardless of how much (or little) I turn the volume knob.

Gameboy dmg voltage of audio free

Introduction

Gameboy dmg voltage of audio machine

Recently there was a discussion about on 8bc about a new way of backlighting DMG’s. Bonewire’s backlighting method replaces the batteries with two 9V batteries. This raised the discussion of whether you could power the Gameboy directly with a 9V battery, or whether it would explode/otherwise fail.

Blank Screen when turned on I have an original game boy that when turned on, the LED is red and you can hear whatever game is inserted, but no visual on the lcd screen. The contrast switch has no effect. Game Boy Advance supported. Cool black color! Models supported. Game Boy DMG; Game Boy Color GBC; Game Boy Pocket GBP; Game Boy Advance GBA; Benefits. Main benefit is the sound volume, it's much louder than Game Boy internal amp. Class-D amp is very power efficient, this means longer battery life, significantly longer. How to mod your Game Boy. I've heard that if I were to get LSDJ, I should really only use it with the DMG Gameboy, because apparently the sound chip is different from the Gameboy Color and Gameboy Advance. However, I've never heard anyone mention the Gameboy Pocket. When the Game Boy is switched on (before the internal boot ROM executes), the values in the wave table depend on the model. On the DMG, they are somewhat random, though the particular pattern is generally the same for each individual Game Boy unit. The game R-Type doesn't initialize wave RAM and thus relies on these. One set of values is. Restore and Modify an Original DMG Gameboy: Released in 1989, the DMG (Dot Matrix Gameboy) was the first Gameboy Nintendo ever released. It’s a lot of fun to mess with, so here’s a quick guide of my experiences taking apart, restoring, and modifying the DMG with an awesome new backlight. The cpu changed to MGB so the voltage/audio pinouts are different, and I'm not sure but the chip size changed.have to check that. So this only works for the original Gameboy, because the SuperGameboy was really a DMG in a SNES cart. Could open one of mine to check.

I wrote a post about the inner workings of the regulator and promised to come back with some more measurements of the performance of the regulator at different voltage levels.

To clear possible confusion: One important aspect of the regulator is that it’s a switching type regulator which is using a feedback mechanism to keep the voltage steady. Because of its design it’s able to do so whether the input voltage is lower or higher than the target voltage of about +5V. Thus, the input voltage may vary, while the output voltage stays (relatively) constant. This is useful for battery operation since the batteries can used as long as they are able to give enough current, whether or not their voltage is low. Switching power regulators, in general, also have a power conversion ratio: Little energy is lost in the conversion. (As opposed to a linear regulator, like the 7805 & co, which are guranteed to wate at least a certain amount of energy as heat)

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Test Conditions

The goal of the test is to benchmark the input voltage range at which a Gameboy power supply would work at. The test subject was a DMG-CPU-7 revision motherboard with a DC CONV DMG converter. (There are at least two versions of the regulator board; the other one is marked DC CONV 2 DMG and has a couple more components on it.)
I used a xzakox type flash cartridge loaded with LSDj, playing a melody, with power save set to off.

Here a few notes on the measured values:

Gameboy Dmg Voltage Of Audio Cable

  • Vin was adjusted in steps of 0.5 V and 1.0 V. The value is accurate to ±10 mV for all it matters
  • Vout was measured with a multimeter and is accurate.
  • Iin is the input current as displayed by the power supply unit, and is fairly inaccurate. (It only shows the general tendency)
  • DC/DC control RMS/f This value is also a bit hit and miss. I tried to read out the frequency which the DC/DC converter was working at, from the oscilloscope, to the best of my ability. This value fluctuated a lot, and is also just there to give a general picture of the freqeuncy. At the lower values the oscilloscope was unable to detect the frequency at all.
    That is what the cryptic RMS voltage is there for. It should give a rough idea of the duty cycle of the control wave.
  • Notes These are my observations for some of the voltages.

Test Data

Vin (V)IIn (A)Vout (V)DC/DC control RMS/fNotes
1.50.154.79~2.1VProne to crash, no sound, DC/DC buzz on startup
2.00.124.82~2.4VNo sound
2.50.114.84~2.7VDisplay will lose data when playing sound
3.00.054.87~3.0V/~260kHzAppears to work normally, possibly a bit glitchy/unstable
3.50.064.86~3.2V
4.00.054.87~3.5V/~300kHzFully normal operation
5.00.054.88~3.5V/~320kHz
6.00.044.89~3.6V/~390kHz
7.00.044.89~3.6V/~415kHz
8.00.044.90~3.6V/~460kHz
9.00.034.90~3.7V/~500kHz
10.00.034.90~3.7V/~510kHz
11.00.034.89~3.0V/~700kHz??
12.00.034.89~2.6V/???

Observations and conclusions

Gameboy Dmg Voltage Of Audio Download

Low voltage operation

The first interesting observation is the behavior in the low end of the voltage spectrum. The regulator could manage to keep the CPU alive at an input voltage as low as 1.5V. However, at that voltage there were significant power losses in the conversion, sound wouldn’t work and the Gameboy would crash easily.
At the transition 2.5V->3V you can see a significant change in input current, and I also noticed a change in behavior on the oscilloscope. I’d define 3V as the absolute minimum voltage that the regulator board can handle stable.
Sidenote: This possibly opens the door for using a Li-Ion battery for powering a DMG.

Gameboy Dmg Voltage Of Audio Download

Normal voltage operation

Gameboy Dmg Voltage Of Audio Software

At 4.0 V the Gameboy is definitely operating normally. As the input voltage is increased, the switching frequency is increased of the regulator is increased. No abnormal behavior. At no point during the testing did I notice and excessive heat production in the regulator circuit.

Above-normal voltage operation

4 AA batteries can not reasonably produce voltages higher than 7 V, so anything above that could be seen as outside the standard range of operation.
So what are the effects of voltages above 7 V? The regulator itself seems to handle it fairly well. And the +5V output only fluctuates 100 mV, so the CPU won’t be affected. However, while the +5V is regulated, the -18V line used by the LCD is not directly regulated, but instead current limited by a 510 Ohm resistor.

It is possible that the increased input voltage will also increase the LCD voltage in such a way that it damages the LCD. The Gameboy I used for testing already had a slightly damaged display, but when I was done wih the testing its display was more or less completely broken (would turn off or glitch out within seconds after turning on the power, regardless of input voltage)

Gameboy Dmg Voltage Of Audio System

I tried feeding my known good Gameboy with 9V for a few minutes, with a moderate contrast setting, without any problems. However, it’s possible that the extreme positions of the contrast dial will slowly destroy the LCD, when the input voltage is >7 V. If so, it could probably be fixed by changing the control voltage range for the contrast dial.

Gameboy Dmg Voltage Of Audio System

I’ll have to investigate that further, but my preliminary conclusion is that you can feed the Gameboy with a 9V battery without problems.